PALLIATIVE CARE IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: STRATEGIES FOR THE RELIEF OF PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL SUFFERING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.034-003Keywords:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Mental health, Palliative care, Quality of life, SufferingAbstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disease with a high biopsychosocial impact, characterized by the gradual loss of voluntary motor functions and partial or complete preservation of cognitive abilities. In this context, palliative care emerges as an essential approach for relieving physical and emotional suffering and promoting quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the scientific evidence on palliative care strategies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with emphasis on symptom control and coping with emotional distress. This is an integrative literature review conducted through the analysis of national and international studies published in scientific databases, selected according to previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that ALS causes profound repercussions in the physical, psychological, and social dimensions, requiring an integral and multidisciplinary care approach. Symptom control, especially pain, dyspnea, dysphagia, and spasticity, proved to be fundamental for reducing physical suffering, while psychological and psychosocial support was indispensable for coping with anxiety, depression, and existential distress. Furthermore, the literature highlights the importance of therapeutic communication, advance care planning, and the inclusion of the family as a unit of care. It is concluded that the early implementation of palliative care in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis significantly contributes to the preservation of dignity, reduction of overall suffering, and improvement of quality of life throughout the course of the disease.
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