SUICIDE PREVENTION STRATEGIES IN THE BRAZILIAN PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM (SUS): CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

This chapter aims to analyze the suicide prevention strategies implemented within Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS), emphasizing advancements, persistent challenges, and perspectives for strengthening psychosocial care. The methodology consisted of a narrative review of national and international literature published over the past two decades, incorporating the contributions of authors such as Botega, Souza, and Minayo, whose studies have shaped suicide prevention policies in Brazil. The analysis included official documents, governmental guidelines, and research focused on community-based actions, matrix support, epidemiological surveillance, and the organization of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS). The results indicate that SUS has developed relevant initiatives, including the expansion of Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS), health education campaigns, and structured care protocols for individuals experiencing psychological distress. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain, such as service fragmentation, shortages of specialized professionals, persistent stigma, and limited intersectoral coordination. The findings suggest that effective suicide prevention requires continuous investments in professional training, integration between primary and specialized care, systematic monitoring of health indicators, and the strengthening of community-centered strategies, ensuring comprehensive, timely, and humanized responses.