MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS (KPC): THERAPEUTIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHALLENGES IN THE HOSPITAL SETTING

Abstract

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly those producing KPC (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase), represent a major challenge in hospital settings. This study aims to analyze the main therapeutic and epidemiological challenges associated with these infections. It is a narrative literature review based on scientific articles indexed in databases such as PubMed and SciELO, as well as guidelines from institutions like the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The results indicate a significant increase in the incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, associated with the inappropriate use of antibiotics, failures in infection control measures, and clonal dissemination in intensive care units. From a therapeutic perspective, there is a limitation of effective treatment options, with an increasing need for last-resort antimicrobials, such as polymyxins and new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. It is concluded that addressing this issue requires integrated strategies, including epidemiological surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship programs, and strengthening infection prevention and control measures in healthcare settings.