PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AND MPOX IN BRAZIL: SURVEILLANCE, TERRITORIAL CARE, AND CHALLENGES FOR THE SUS RESPONSE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.049-014Keywords:
Mpox, Primary Health Care, Health Surveillance, Family Health Strategy, Scoping ReviewAbstract
Objective: to critically discuss the role of Primary Health Care (PHC) in addressing mpox in Brazil by synthesizing evidence on surveillance, early diagnosis, clinical management, isolation guidance, health education, professional training, and gaps in the Brazilian Unified Health System response. Methodology: book chapter based on an exploratory scoping review developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and organized under PRISMA-ScR, with searches in national and international databases and gray literature, totaling 1,000 identified records and 80 studies and documents included in the qualitative synthesis. Results: the literature indicates that PHC can play decisive roles in early detection, triage, reporting, isolation guidance, outpatient care for mild cases, health education, and coordination with other levels of care; however, important limitations persist regarding access to molecular diagnosis, lack of PHC-specific protocols, stigma, territorial inequalities, and insufficient workforce training. Conclusion: mpox requires more explicit incorporation into Brazilian PHC workflows, with stronger surveillance, continuing education, integration with referral services, and development of operational protocols tailored to the SUS.
Downloads
References
AGBOOLA, A.; TAQI, A.; ALSHEIKH, M. et al. Risk factors, preventive measures, and management of monkeypox: a systematic review. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, [S. l.], 2025. DOI: 10.9734/jammr/2025/v37i105957.
CARDOSO, M. E.; COSTA, A.; BINELLI, C. et al. Severe monkeypox case associated with recent laboratory diagnosis of HIV: case report. Jornal Brasileiro de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis, [S. l.], 2022. DOI: 10.5327/dst-2177-8264-2022341215.
CASTANHEIRA, A. C. M.; MOREIRA, C. C. D.; DAMASCENO, K. G. et al. The nurse's action in front of the suspect and/or confirmation of monkeypox disease. International Journal of Health Sciences, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.159352320019.
CHEEMA, A. Y.; OGEDEGBE, O.; MUNIR, M. et al. Monkeypox: a review of clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Cureus, [S. l.], 2022. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26756.
CLEMENTE, N. S.; COLES, C.; PAIXÃO, E. et al. Paediatric, maternal, and congenital mpox: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Global Health, [S. l.], 2024. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00607-1.
HALLO-CARRASCO, A.; HUNT, C. L.; PRUSINSKI, C. C. et al. Pain associated with monkeypox virus: a rapid review. Cureus, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34697.
HARAPAN, H.; OPHINNI, Y.; MEGAWATI, D. et al. Monkeypox: a comprehensive review. Viruses, [S. l.], 2022. DOI: 10.3390/v14102155.
JAHROMI, A. S.; JOKAR, M.; SHARIFI, N. et al. Global knowledge and attitudes towards mpox (monkeypox) among healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Health, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihad094.
KUEHN, R.; FOX, T.; GUYATT, G. et al. Infection prevention and control measures to reduce the transmission of mpox: a systematic review. PLOS Global Public Health, [S. l.], 2024. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002731.
LAZARUS, J. E.; GREEN, C. V.; ALBIN, J. et al. Separating the rash from the chaff: novel clinical decision support deployed during the mpox outbreak. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad500.1615.
LIRA, G. S.; OTA, V. A.; MELO, M. Q. S. et al. Mpox outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a translational approach. Journal of Medical Virology, [S. l.], 2024. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29621.
MAREDIA, H.; SARTORI-VALINOTTI, J.; RANGANATH, N. et al. Supportive care management recommendations for mucocutaneous manifestations of monkeypox infection. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.01.019.
OGOINA, D.; DAMON, I.; NAKOUNE, E. Clinical review of human mpox. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.09.004.
OKOLI, G.; CAESEELE, P.; ASKIN, N.; ABOU-SETTA, A. A global systematic evidence review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of the 2022 mpox outbreaks. Infection, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02133-5.
ONODERA, A.; IMAI, K.; SATO, A. et al. Retrospective investigation of overlooked mpox virus infection in saliva samples from patients with suspected syphilis in Japan. Journal of Medical Virology, [S. l.], 2024. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29663.
PAPARINI, S.; WHELAN, I.; MWENDERA, C. et al. Prevention of sexual transmission of mpox: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis of approaches. Infectious Diseases, [S. l.], 2024. DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2024.2364801.
PEREIRA, S. S.; BRAGA, A.; ROSOLEN, B. B. et al. Maternal-fetal implications of mpox infection: current evidence. Journal of Clinical Medicine, [S. l.], 2026. DOI: 10.3390/jcm15010399.
TITANJI, B. K.; HAZRA, A.; ZUCKER, J. Mpox clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies: a review. JAMA, [S. l.], 2024. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.21091.
YON, H.; SHIN, H.-M.; SHIN, J. et al. Clinical manifestations of human mpox infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reviews in Medical Virology, [S. l.], 2023. DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2446.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
