THE ROLE OF THE UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM IN EXPANDING VACCINATION COVERAGE AND PROMOTING PUBLIC HEALTH: AN EXTENDED SUMMARY

Abstract

This article analyzes the historical role of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and the National Immunization Program (PNI) in universalizing access to vaccines in Brazil, in addition to discussing the recent and worrying drop in vaccination coverage rates. Through a narrative literature review, the study highlights the potential of the public network and the challenges to reversing this regressive scenario. It has three main focuses: Reach and Active Search: The SUS uses its decentralized network of more than 38,000 vaccination rooms, together with the Family Health Strategy (ESF) and Community Health Agents (ACS), to guarantee social equity and seek out people who have missed vaccinations directly in the communities; Triad of Challenges: Since 2015, vaccination targets have fallen due to the infodemic (fake news), a false sense of security (invisibility of controlled diseases), and logistical barriers (vaccination centers operating only during business hours). Strategies for Overcoming These Challenges: To reverse the decline, the Ministry of Health has adopted Microplanning, creating local and integrated actions such as extramural vaccination (schools and daycare centers), flexible hours, and real-time data monitoring. In this sense, the study concludes that mass vaccination is a highly cost-effective intervention. To safeguard public health, it is imperative to strengthen the funding of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), modernize information systems, and combat digital misinformation with the same technical rigor dedicated to pathogen control, viewing immunization as a civic and ethical duty.