BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AND ITS IMPACTS ON WOMEN'S HEALTH: AN ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL, SEXUAL, AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS

Abstract

Bacterial vaginosis is a common condition that affects the vaginal microbiota and may have implications beyond physical symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the clinical, sexual, and psychosocial impacts associated with the condition, considering its relationship with behavioral factors and quality of life. This is an integrative literature review based on studies retrieved from PubMed, SciELO and LILACS. The findings indicate that alterations in the vaginal microbiota, characterized by a reduction in lactobacilli and an increase in anaerobic microorganisms, are associated with symptoms such as discharge and odor, often linked to recurrence. Beyond clinical aspects, a significant impact on sexual health was observed, including insecurity during intimate relationships, reduced sexual desire, and changes in body perception. Psychosocial effects such as embarrassment, anxiety, and low self-esteem were also identified, especially in recurrent cases. Behavioral and social factors, including stress and life conditions, were found to be associated with the occurrence and persistence of the condition. Therefore, bacterial vaginosis should be understood from a broader perspective, encompassing not only biological aspects but also subjective experiences. It is concluded that more comprehensive approaches may contribute to more effective and humanized care.