CURRENT OVERVIEW OF MALE BREAST CANCER: SCOPE REVIEW (2014 - 2024)

Abstract

Male breast cancer is a rare neoplasm, accounting for approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases worldwide. This disease is associated with risk factors such as BRCA2 mutations, aging, obesity, and endocrine imbalances. This study, through a scoping review conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR framework, aimed to map the current landscape of male breast cancer between 2014 and 2024, identifying epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic characteristics. Forty-eight articles obtained from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar were analyzed. Hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal carcinoma predominated in up to 90% of cases, with tamoxifen being the main adjuvant treatment. Most diagnoses occur in advanced stages, reflecting the lack of screening and poor clinical awareness among men and healthcare professionals. The study concludes that male breast cancer requires greater clinical recognition, inclusion in specific trials, and the development of personalized therapeutic protocols in order to promote more equitable and effective care.