INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOL CONTEXT: CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION — AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Inclusive education is a fundamental principle for ensuring the right to education, requiring educational institutions to guarantee effective conditions for students’ access, participation, learning, and permanence. The study analyzes the main challenges and perspectives related to the implementation of inclusive education in the school context. This is an integrative literature review of a basic nature, with a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, guided by the inductive method. The research examined 12 scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025, selected according to thematic relevance criteria and analyzed through thematic categories. The results revealed three main axes: teacher education and inclusive pedagogical practices; public policies, accessibility, and institutional conditions; and school management, family participation, and collaborative work. Challenges were identified regarding professional training, curriculum flexibility, pedagogical resources, accessibility, Specialized Educational Support, and coordination among the different actors involved in the educational process. It is concluded that the implementation of inclusive education is multidimensional and depends on the integration of educational policies, institutional organization, professional training, pedagogical practices, and school community participation.