APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION: SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS FOR THE RECOVERY OF DEGRADED ECOSYSTEMS

Abstract

This chapter aims to analyze the applications of biotechnology in environmental remediation, highlighting its potential as a sustainable solution for the recovery of degraded ecosystems. The methodology is based on a narrative literature review, drawing on studies by well-established authors in the field, addressing techniques such as bioremediation, phytoremediation, and the use of genetically modified microorganisms. The results indicate that biotechnology demonstrates high efficiency in the degradation of organic pollutants and in the stabilization of inorganic contaminants, in addition to promoting the restoration of essential ecological functions. It is also observed that these techniques are economically and environmentally viable when compared to conventional methods. It is concluded that the integration of biotechnological approaches represents a promising and sustainable alternative to mitigate environmental impacts, contributing to natural resource conservation and sustainable development.