THE IMPORTANCE OF VACCINES IN THE ERADICATION AND CONTROL OF IMMUNOPREVENTABLE DISEASES: A BRIEF INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Vaccines are essential tools for preventing, controlling and eradicating vaccine-preventable diseases, contributing significantly to both individual and collective protection. This integrative review aimed to examine the importance of vaccination for public health and to identify challenges related to vaccine hesitancy. The study was conducted between March and November 2025 using the BVS and SciELO databases with the descriptors Vaccines, Disease Eradication and Vaccine Hesitancy, selecting articles published between 2020 and 2025 that addressed human vaccination and its impacts, resulting in a final sample of 17 studies. The findings show that immunization substantially reduces morbidity and mortality and generates important social and economic benefits. Despite these achievements, a decline in vaccination coverage has been observed in Brazil, influenced by misinformation, social inequalities, access barriers and public insecurity regarding vaccines. The studies also highlight technological advances, such as mRNA vaccines and digital monitoring systems, which enhance the response to outbreaks. However, ensuring the availability of vaccines alone does not guarantee adherence; trust, clear communication and professional guidance play decisive roles. In this context, biomedical professionals contribute by providing reliable information and reinforcing vaccination as an ethical, social and collective commitment.