DRUG-FOOD INTERACTIONS: IMPACTS AND CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Abstract

The interaction between medications and food is a relevant and complex topic that can compromise the effectiveness of treatments and the safety of patients. This work is a review article that aims to analyze the main interactions between medications and food and their impacts on the effectiveness of treatments. Specific objectives include classifying the most common types of interactions, identifying the medications most likely to interact with food, and suggesting strategies to minimize risks. The methodology used consisted of a literature review, selecting scientific articles published between 2015 and 2024 in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases. Descriptors such as "drug-nutrient interaction," "drug-food interaction," "alcohol x medication," and "drug interactions" were used, including publications in Portuguese and English. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The results show that factors such as food type, ingestion time, and drug characteristics can directly influence the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of medications. Medications such as antihypertensives, antibiotics, and supplements are more prone to food interactions, which can reduce their effectiveness or cause adverse effects. It is concluded that knowledge about these interactions is essential for promoting the rational use of medications, and monitoring by healthcare professionals and providing appropriate guidance to patients is crucial.