ANKYLOGLOSSIA: EMBRYOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE TONGUE-TIE TEST IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS

Abstract

Ankyloglossia is a congenital condition, better known as "tongue-tie," characterized by a dense tissue inserted at the tip of the tongue, causing limitation of movements. This anomaly causes impairments to the stomatognathic system, especially in the first days of a baby's life, as breastfeeding becomes inefficient. The present study aims to analyze the origin of embryological aspects and highlight the importance of the tongue test in the early diagnosis of newborns. This is an integrative literature review, using a qualitative method. The search was conducted in the SciELO, Google Scholar, PubMed, and LILACS databases. Of the 23 studies found, 12 were excluded and 11 were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results highlighted the importance of the tongue test as the main tool for early diagnosis to prevent functional problems. However, there was divergence regarding the indication of frenectomy, being suggested the need for sensible and interprofessional evaluation. Thus, standardization of therapeutic conduct becomes essential, with evaluation being carried out by competent professionals, to ensure better procedure safety and prevent unnecessary measures. It is concluded that ankyloglossia compromises suction, mastication, swallowing, speech, and the dental arch. In this context, the Tongue Test is essential for early diagnosis, to prevent alterations in the stomatognathic system and in child development. Frenectomy interventions and therapies should be indicated with caution by qualified professionals, ensuring patient safety.