OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER (ODD): NEUROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS, DIAGNOSIS, AND CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.036-018Keywords:
Neurobiology, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Prefrontal cortex dysfunction, Emotion regulation, Psychiatric comorbiditiesAbstract
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a persistent pattern of irritable mood, defiant behavior, and vindictive attitudes. Although often dismissed as a “behavioral problem,” ODD involves measurable neurobiological alterations, a high familial burden, and significant functional impact. This article critically reviews the neurobiological foundations, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnoses, comorbidities, therapeutic approaches, and current limitations of clinical practice.
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