ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: A GROWING GLOBAL THREAT

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most significant global public health threats, compromising treatment effectiveness and increasing morbidity and mortality rates. This chapter aims to analyze the factors associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance, as well as its clinical implications and coping strategies. This is an integrative literature review based on scientific databases, including studies published in recent years by recognized health organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The results indicate that the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, failures in infection control, self-medication, and low adherence to clinical protocols significantly contribute to the worsening of this issue. Additionally, there is a direct impact on prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and limited therapeutic options. It is concluded that antimicrobial resistance requires integrated actions, including public policies, health education, epidemiological surveillance, and rational use of medications, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to contain this growing threat.