THE ROLE OF THE VETERINARIAN IN THE CONSERVATION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES

Abstract

Veterinarians play a strategic role in the conservation of endangered species by integrating animal health, population management, and biodiversity preservation. This chapter aims to analyze the contributions of veterinary medicine to wildlife conservation, emphasizing actions developed in in situ and ex situ contexts. The methodology consisted of a narrative review of national and international scientific literature, based on publications by recognized authors in the fields of biological conservation, conservation medicine, and One Health. The results demonstrate that veterinary professionals are essential for health monitoring of wildlife populations, zoonotic disease control, assisted reproduction programs, animal rehabilitation and reintroduction, as well as technical support for environmental public policies. The findings also highlight that collaboration between veterinarians, biologists, and environmental managers strengthens conservation strategies and minimizes sanitary and genetic risks to endangered species. It is concluded that veterinarians are fundamental agents in wildlife conservation, contributing not only to species survival but also to ecosystem balance and the promotion of environmental health.