INDICADORES PRODUTIVOS, SANITÁRIOS E DE BEM-ESTAR EM SISTEMAS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS DE AVICULTURA DE POSTURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.059-003Palavras-chave:
Biosseguridade, Cadeia produtiva, Economia agropecuária, Galinhas poedeiras, Manejo zootécnicoResumo
A avicultura de postura tem passado por uma transição significativa de sistemas convencionais para modelos não convencionais de produção, impulsionada por demandas relacionadas ao bem-estar animal, sustentabilidade e qualidade dos produtos. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar criticamente as evidências científicas sobre os efeitos de sistemas não convencionais de criação de galinhas poedeiras nos indicadores produtivos, sanitários e de bem-estar animal. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada na base de dados PubMed, abrangendo estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2025. Foram selecionados 52 estudos após aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente definidos. Os dados foram extraídos de forma sistematizada e analisados por síntese qualitativa, contemplando desfechos produtivos, sanitários e de bem-estar. Os resultados indicaram que sistemas não convencionais apresentam efeitos variáveis sobre a produtividade, com manutenção de desempenho em alguns casos, porém maior variabilidade em comparação aos sistemas convencionais. Observou-se também maior expressão de comportamentos naturais e melhorias em indicadores de bem-estar, embora acompanhadas de desafios sanitários, como maior exposição a patógenos ambientais. Conclui-se que os sistemas não convencionais de produção de ovos envolvem um equilíbrio complexo entre produtividade, sanidade e bem-estar animal, sendo fortemente influenciados pelo manejo adotado. O estudo contribui ao integrar criticamente esses três eixos, oferecendo uma visão abrangente das evidências disponíveis e destacando a necessidade de estratégias de produção mais sustentáveis e integradas.
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