ANTI-DISCRIMINATORY REINTERPRETATION OF LAW AND THE 2030 AGENDA: SUBSTANTIVE EQUALITY AND RACIAL CHALLENGES IN THE BRAZILIAN REALITY

Resumen

This article examines the intersectionality between race and gender in the Brazilian legal context, emphasizing the enforcement of fundamental rights of the Black population in light of the 1988 Federal Constitution and Brazil's commitments to the UN 2030 Agenda, particularly Sustainable Development Goals 5, 10, and 16. Although formal equality is provided for in the constitutional text, achieving substantive equality remains a challenge since structural racism and sexism are intertwined and often reproduced by legal institutions themselves. The hypothesis is that intersectionality cannot be treated as isolated categories but as simultaneous dimensions of oppression that require legal interpretation committed to social justice and transforming discriminatory structures. Based on bibliographic review, legal hermeneutics, and documentary analysis, the study highlights the importance of anti-racist institutional practices and the role of affirmative actions, such as the quota system, in expanding Black people's access to higher education and power spaces. However, these policies still face resistance and have limited implementation in the private sector, demonstrating the need for broader, collaborative, and continuous strategies. The article argues that tackling structural racism requires not only normative advances but also training processes and intersectoral policies capable of promoting an inclusive, democratic institutional culture aligned with sustainable development goals.