COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS, MARINE POLLUTION AND BIOLOGICAL RISKS TO HUMAN HEALTH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.049-038Keywords:
Biological risks, Coastal ecosystems, Environmental vulnerability, Marine pollution, Public healthAbstract
Coastal ecosystems play a fundamental role in maintaining biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services for human health. This study aims to analyze the impacts of marine pollution and its associated biological risks. The methodology consisted of a qualitative literature review based on recognized authors such as Halpern et al. (2008), Jambeck et al. (2015), and WHO (2019), focusing on evidence related to contamination by microplastics, heavy metals, and pathogenic microorganisms. The results indicate that coastal environmental degradation promotes the bioaccumulation of toxic substances and the spread of infectious agents, increasing the incidence of gastrointestinal, dermatological, and respiratory diseases in exposed populations. Additionally, a correlation was observed between anthropogenic activities and increased socio-environmental vulnerability. It is concluded that the preservation of coastal ecosystems is essential for public health promotion, requiring integrated environmental management policies, sanitation improvements, and environmental education to mitigate identified risks.
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