ANALYSIS OF ZIKA VIRUS NOTIFICATIONS IN PREGNANCY FROM 2022 TO 2025

Abstract

Introduction: The Zika virus, transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, arrived in Brazil between 2013 and 2014. In pregnant women, the infection represents a significant risk of congenital malformations, such as microcephaly, and alterations in fetal development. Early identification of the infection and continuous monitoring during prenatal care are fundamental to preventing complications and guiding interventions. Primary care is fundamental for identifying risk factors, guiding pregnant women, preventing complications, and monitoring children with possible sequelae of Congenital Zika Syndrome, making epidemiological surveillance and care essential. Objective: To analyze the occurrence of Zika virus infection in pregnant women in Brazil between 2022 and 2025, as well as to identify possible outcomes related to Congenital Zika Syndrome in newborns. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive epidemiological study was conducted using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System between 2022 and 2025, analyzing confirmed and suspected cases of infection in pregnant women in all regions of Brazil. Results and Discussion: 11,956 cases of Zika virus infection were reported among pregnant women, with the highest incidence in the Northeast region and varying concentrations across gestational trimesters. Climatic, social, and economic factors influence the distribution of the virus, while regions with less favorable climates for the vector and better socioeconomic indicators showed lower occurrence. The infection can affect the fetus at any stage of gestation, making adequate monitoring and quality of notification records critical. Conclusion: Zika infection represents a significant risk for pregnant women and newborns, requiring active prevention, epidemiological surveillance, continuous monitoring, and integration between health policies.