SEMEN ANALYSIS APPLIED TO THE INVESTIGATION OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE

Abstract

Sexual violence represents a serious public health issue and one of the crimes with the greatest physical, psychological, and social impact on victims. In this context, Forensic Biomedicine plays a fundamental role in identifying biological evidence capable of contributing to crime investigation and offender identification. This study aimed to analyze the importance of semen detection in the investigation of sexual crimes, addressing the main laboratory methods used from evidence collection to genetic identification of suspects. This is a qualitative literature review based on scientific articles, dissertations, and academic studies published in specialized databases. The findings indicate that acid phosphatase testing, microscopic sperm identification, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection, and DNA analysis are highly relevant techniques for forensic evidence production. It is concluded that the combination of semen detection and modern molecular biology techniques constitutes an indispensable tool for criminal investigation, significantly contributing to the identification of perpetrators of sexual crimes and the promotion of justice.