APPROACH TO PRESUPPOSITIONS AND IMPLICIT MEANINGS IN THE PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE EXAM OF ENEM 2019

Abstract

This article aims to analyze questions from the Portuguese Language section of the 2019 edition of the National High School Exam (ENEM) in order to understand how inferences, through presuppositions and implied meanings, are explored in the exam. The focus is on analyzing how inferences present in questions based on the poem genre are employed in the test. The research is bibliographic in nature, descriptive in approach, and is based on the works of authors such as Koch (2011), Grice (1982), Ducrot (1987) and Marcuschi (2010). The results indicate that inferences play an important role in the construction of poetic texts, as there is information that does not need to be explicitly stated, given that readers are expected to identify it through their world or cognitive knowledge. The exam requires students to have reading skills, as the questions are always presented in a contextualized manner. It is emphasized that, to understand questions related to the poem genre, students must grasp the inferential processes that underlie reading skills in poetic texts.