INCLUSIVE EDUCATION AND NEURODIVERSITY: STRATEGIES TO SUPPORT STUDENTS WITH ADHD AND ASD

Abstract

Inclusive education, which values neurodiversity, seeks to provide access, continuity, and academic achievement for every student, no matter their physical, cognitive, or emotional status. In this framework, acknowledging neurological variations like Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) marks an important step toward creating a democratic and diverse educational environment. This article examines the primary obstacles that schools encounter in including neurodivergent learners, such as inadequate teacher preparation, insufficient infrastructure, and inflexible curricula. Additionally, it offers teaching approaches that encourage both learning and social interaction, which include active teaching methods, supportive technologies, personalized educational plans, and teamwork across different disciplines. Finally, it asserts that truly inclusive schools require not just temporary adjustments but also a fundamental and cultural shift that recognizes differences as vital components of the human experience.