SEPSIS AND ORGAN DYSFUNCTION: PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS, EARLY RECOGNITION, AND STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING MORTALITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.068-057Keywords:
Early Diagnosis, Health Care, Mortality, Organ Dysfunction, SepsisAbstract
Sepsis is a severe clinical condition associated with a dysregulated host response to infection, capable of causing organ dysfunction and rapidly compromising the patient's clinical status. This study is characterized as a qualitative and descriptive literature review aimed at analyzing the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in sepsis, the importance of early recognition, and care strategies related to mortality reduction. The discussion considers inflammatory, immunological, endothelial, microcirculatory, metabolic, and coagulation abnormalities that may contribute to the progression of organ dysfunction. Clinical signs and alterations that assist in identifying patient deterioration are also addressed, emphasizing the need for systematic assessment and timely intervention. The studies analyzed reinforce that the care of patients with suspected sepsis requires an organized multidisciplinary approach, investigation of the infectious source, appropriate collection of laboratory tests, timely initiation of antimicrobial therapy when indicated, source control, hemodynamic assessment, and organ support according to clinical needs. The importance of institutional protocols, professional training, and continuous monitoring to reduce delays in care is also emphasized. It is concluded that understanding the pathophysiology of sepsis, combined with early recognition and evidence-based interventions, is essential to improve the quality of care and increase the possibility of better outcomes for patients with sepsis.
Downloads
References
CECCONI, Maurizio; EVANS, Laura; LEVY, Mitchell; RHODES, Andrew. Sepsis and septic shock: current management. The Lancet, London, v. 392, n. 10141, p. 75–87, 2018.
EVANS, Laura; RHODES, Andrew; ALHAZZANI, Waleed et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, v. 47, n. 11, p. 1181–1247, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y.
GIL, Antonio Carlos. Métodos e técnicas de pesquisa social. 6. ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2008.
MINAYO, Maria Cecília de Souza. O desafio do conhecimento: pesquisa qualitativa em saúde. 14. ed. São Paulo: Hucitec, 2014.
RUDD, Kristina E.; JOHNSON, Sarah Charlotte; AGESA, Kareha M. et al. Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990–2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. The Lancet, London, v. 395, n. 10219, p. 200–211, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32989-7.
SEYMOUR, Christopher W.; LIU, Vincent X.; IWASHYNA, Theodore J. et al. Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA, Chicago, v. 315, n. 8, p. 762–774, 2016. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.0288.
SHANKAR-HARI, Manu; PHILLIPS, Gary S.; LEVY, Mitchell L. et al. Developing a new definition and assessing new clinical criteria for septic shock: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA, Chicago, v. 315, n. 8, p. 775–787, 2016. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.0289.
SINGER, Mervyn; DEUTSCHMAN, Clifford S.; SEYMOUR, Christopher Warren et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA, Chicago, v. 315, n. 8, p. 801–810, 2016. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.0287.
VINCENT, Jean-Louis; MORENO, Rui; TAKALA, Jukka et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, v. 22, n. 7, p. 707–710, 1996. DOI: 10.1007/BF01709751.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
