VÍRUS EBOLA E EMERGÊNCIAS SANITÁRIAS GLOBAIS: IMPACTOS, PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/aurumpub.068-007Palavras-chave:
Biossegurança, Ebola, Emergências sanitárias, Prevenção, Saúde globalResumo
O vírus Ebola constitui uma importante ameaça à saúde pública e à segurança sanitária global, especialmente devido à capacidade de provocar surtos de elevada gravidade e repercussões epidemiológicas, sociais, econômicas e institucionais. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os impactos do vírus Ebola no contexto das emergências sanitárias globais, com ênfase nas estratégias de prevenção, preparação, vigilância e controle. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases PubMed/MEDLINE, Livre, Diadorim e Miguilim, contemplando publicações disponíveis em português e inglês, no período de 2021 a 2026. Foram considerados estudos relacionados à epidemiologia, prevenção, controle da transmissão, preparação dos sistemas de saúde, biossegurança, mobilização comunitária e impactos das epidemias. Os achados demonstraram que os surtos de Ebola podem comprometer a continuidade dos serviços de saúde, ampliar vulnerabilidades sociais e produzir consequências econômicas significativas. Evidenciou-se ainda que estratégias combinadas, como isolamento, rastreamento de contatos, práticas funerárias seguras, vigilância e controle de infecções, favorecem a redução da transmissão. A preparação institucional, capacitação profissional, comunicação de risco e cooperação intersetorial mostraram-se fundamentais para respostas eficientes. Conclui-se que o enfrentamento sustentável do Ebola requer sistemas de saúde continuamente preparados, ações integradas e políticas capazes de articular prevenção, equidade, vigilância e resposta rápida às emergências sanitárias.
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