PATERNITY TEST: USE OF MARKERS IN GENOMIC ANALYSIS TO INVESTIGATE BIOLOGICAL BOND

Resumen

This study aimed to investigate new techniques used for DNA testing in paternity analysis, presenting novel methods that ensure quality and reliability in their results. It highlights the most commonly used approaches, such as STR markers, while also addressing their limitations and the need for additional strategies, including SNP identification and emerging perspectives in the investigation of biological relationships. Furthermore, it discusses how genetic markers have a broad applicability, even in situations where only a limited amount of sample is available, enabling effective analysis. This is due to the use of key molecular markers, with STRs being the most commonly employed in such cases. Paternity testing has become increasingly detailed, allowing, in cases where the alleged father is deceased or missing, the confirmation of biological relationships through samples from close relatives. Additionally, even when samples are degraded or available in small quantities, analysis remains feasible. This level of accuracy is achieved through techniques such as STRs, SNPs, Y-chromosome STRs, and autosomal STRs. The results become even more reliable when two or more of these markers are analyzed together, increasing the robustness of the conclusions.